WHY DON'T SOME PLANTS HAVE FLOWERS?

Although many plants use flowers to reproduce, some do not. There are more than 30,000 types of these non-flowering plants. Mosses, for example, release tiny spores that are spread by the wind. Conifers make seeds inside scaly cones. Both spores and seeds grow into new plants.

Bristlecone pines are oldest trees on the planet. Growing slowly on cold, windswept mountain sides in western USA, they can live for thousands of years. The oldest specimen is known as Methuselah, and is about 4,800 years old.

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WHAT STARTED THE AGE OF DISCOVERY?

The desire of European merchants to control the trade in luxury goods from Asia- silk, cotton, and spices- combined with the technology advances in shipbuilding and navigation led to a wave of long-distance voyages of exploration that redrew the map of the globe between the 15th and 18th centuries.

WHY IS BLOOD RED?

Blood is red because most of its cells are packed with a red-substance called haemoglobin. Using this, the red blood cells pick up vital oxygen and deliver it to the body's cells. To achieve this and other roles, such as removing waste, blood is pumped along blood vessels by the heart.

HOW DO MOUNTAINS GROW?

Where the plates of Earth's crust crash into each other, land is pushed upward, forming mountains. The Himalayas are the tallest mountains on Earth, and the youngest. They formed over the last 145 millions years, as India crashed into Asia. Mountains are also formed when volcanoes erupt and molten rock builds up into steep mounds.

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